Many studies have shown that South Asian immigrants in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom experience high rates of mental health disorders, sometimes higher than their peers. It is seen that modernization, democratization, political ideologies and emergence of mass societies threatened the personal and collective identities and the advancement in information systems have sustained peoples struggles against the dominant world view of the State and elites. To this day, money sent back home by these migrant workers accounts for as much as a third of some countries economies. Nature-Society relations provide the foundation for social, economic, political, and environmental problems. The second factor in reducing insurgent violence has been Indias effective use of ceasefires, demobilization deals, and amnesties in the Northeast to peel off and demobilize insurgent factions. 06 July 2021 South Asia countries are among the most vulnerable globally to the impacts of climate change. 1 On the edges of South Asia, Myanmar sees a broadly similar patternthough important insurgencies continue, a patchwork project of ceasefires combined with ongoing state repression has forged a degree of ugly stability in areas of enduring conflict. 0000000896 00000 n This follows growth of 7.8 percent in 2021, when most countries were rebounding from the pandemic slump. Crucially, however, this resurgence of state coercive power remains contested: while a new era of powerful states untroubled by internal competitors may have begun, there are reasons to be cautious. Deaths from Diarrheal Diseases. Islamist cells have launched dramatic terror attacks but, especially since 2016, these were met with intense repression and have decreased in frequency. Yet as Sri Lankas experience in the 1950s and 1980s vividly suggests, mob violence can harden political cleavages and trigger escalation beyond the control of its political patrons. Between 2000 and 2011, South Asian cities swelled in size, as 130 million people flocked to urban areas often in search of better, higher-paying jobs. <<74F53B64ECF66F4D8721F1E5DB6020AC>]>> MHA data can also be found in its annual reports (https://www.mha.gov.in/documents/annual-reports) and, for the Northeast, on the North East Divisions website (https://www.mha.gov.in/division_of_mha/north-east-division). This urban boom presents challenges for governments in megacitieslike Dhaka, Bangladesh and Mumbai, Indiathat struggle to provide services like transportation and sanitation for their inhabitants. In Pakistan, substantial violence in the southern port city of Karachi was joined by a resurgent insurgency in the southwestern province of Balochistan and an extremely bloody rebellion led by the Pakistani Taliban. Finally, domestic political instability can provide both opportunity and motivation for insurgency. 0000007939 00000 n Immigrants from Mexico (7%) and Central America (11%) were the least likely to have a bachelors or higher. It is home to one-quarter of the worlds population spread over just 7 percent of the worlds landmass. In the nearly three decades since their independence, the former Soviet Republics of Central Asia have drifted from Russian influence. Asians are less likely than Americans overall to live in poverty (10% vs. 13% as of 2019). Immigrant Asians were slightly more likely than U.S.-born Asians to be homeowners in 2019 (60% vs. 56%). .chakra .wef-facbof{display:inline;}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-facbof{display:block;}}You can unsubscribe at any time using the link in our emails. Secondly, policymakers can de-risk migration through several means including more flexible visa policies, mechanisms to support migrant workers during shocks, and social protection programs. ~o hc}0`SctnEKjkf|;5SLg0]{7{rRr^"z1asq1vp[WDG5)2?,=Ma;M),n^\e}H V Growth in the region is dampening, says the World Bank in its twice-a-year update, underscoring the need for countries to build resilience. The World Unpacked is a monthly foreign policy podcast that breaks down the hottest global issues of today with experts, journalists, and policymakers who can explain what is happening, why it matters, and where we go from here. =rJub^#ivFackYh}QY?M 0000003220 00000 n This means that many western-trained therapists may find it difficult to comprehend the deeply ingrained cultural nuances of South Asian communities. South Asias migrant workers, many of whom are employed in the informal sector, were disproportionately affected when restrictions to movement were imposed during COVID-19. Dragons and Tigers is the only textbook that covers all three regions South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia in one textbook. The growing size and resources of internal security forces, consolidation of powerful regimes, and changed international environment may have made rebellion increasingly unsustainable, even when political grievances remain. And in Nepal, a Maoist insurgency fought its way into a stalemate with Nepals security forces by 2005. Globally, research on social movements reveals relatively more insights from European and Latin American studies than that of the Global South, particularly from the south Asian countries. WebUsing a cross-disciplinary approach, the author discusses evolving physical and cultural landscapes. The political landscape of South Asia has changed dramatically in the last two decades. Firstly, cutting the costs migrants face should be high on the policy agenda. 0000003635 00000 n Such non-state violence is often not waged against the state or political system, but instead is used as a bloody tool of social control and political maneuvering. The region is characterised by rapidly changing socioeconomic scenario, fast-increasing The same is true of the internal security buildup, both in terms of funding and MHA force sizes, as well as the policies toward both the Northeast and Naxalite-influenced areas. South Asians seeking psychological services often feel misunderstood by health-care providers and then get discouraged from getting further help. It is also important that South Asian youth and families have discussions about their mental health struggles and learn ways to improve them. The legal system grants substantial latitude to internal security forces, which limits checks on state power, and informal practices add to this autonomy. But mental health is deeply stigmatized in many South Asian communities and symptoms are often trivialized. These changes across South Asia may be permanent, heralding the dominance of the state after a long period of persistent insurgent challenges. Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent this year - a downward revision of 1 percentage point from the forecast made in June. WebSouth Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms. HTMk1tFO(cIJc% 0000002159 00000 n Top Left: Sri Lankan Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1960), Top Right: Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (1988), Bottom Left: Nepalese President Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2016), Bottom Right: Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1971), Source: (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images. Get the latest news from World101, including teaching resources and special offers. GDP measured in 2015 prices and market exchange rates. In a complex, changing, and increasingly contested world, the Carnegie Endowment generates strategic ideas and independent analysis, supports diplomacy, and trains the next generation of international scholar-practitioners to help countries and institutions take on the most difficult global problems and safeguard peace. There is not a clear partisan dynamic in these changes. Third, even noninsurgent violence has the potential to spiral into broader conflict. -- Volume 29, Number 1, March 2014, Editorial Board All rights reserved. There is a fundamental difference between a context in which security forces are targeted (even with only rare success) and those in which no one is interested in attacking the state. 63 30 /xL\z5CBDDiUy YkxS,A)('OR @$#S@cvs / *%C!% The analysis presented will contribute to defining Americas Role in Asia. Although When young South Asian adults pursue a career that their family approves of instead of one that they find personally fulfilling, they might feel proud for maintaining family expectations. But how long does this pride last? Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship, Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 0000005234 00000 n Inflation in South Asia, caused by elevated global food and energy prices and trade restrictions that worsened food insecurity in the region, is expected to rise to 9.2 percent this year before gradually subsiding. endstream endobj 64 0 obj <> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <> endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj <> endobj 71 0 obj [/ICCBased 84 0 R] endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream Children of South Asian immigrants may face challenges associated with the pressure of straddling two different worlds. Across India, fans have built temples in honor of their most beloved stars. These gender inequalities continue into adulthood. -- Volume 31, Number 1, March 2016, Editorial Board Such massive populations present economic opportunities for South Asian countries but also leave the regionone already prone to floods and heat wavesmore vulnerable to climate change and the spread of disease. The peak of this conflicts violence, in 2010, was reached much later than in J&K and the Northeast but has since seen a drop to a consistent but lower level in recent years. Project MUSE promotes the creation and dissemination of essential humanities and social science resources through collaboration with libraries, publishers, and scholars worldwide. And religious minorities in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh often face severe persecution and receive almost no government protections. Yet violence appears to have declined, with the caveat that security force operations are opaque. First, important insurgencies still continue in the region, even if they are diminished in intensity, while ideologies, inequalities, and forms of resistance persist that can be mobilized against state power. India and the international community have put sustained pressure on Pakistan to reduce its support for militants and terrorists. It has been reported in American media that the group has certain stigmas in relation to the LGBT communities. From the viewpoint of economics, the high population growth in South Asia has slowed down economic growth, increased the foreign trade imblance, and worsened This in turn affects social cohesion and gender equality in the region. Non-state armed groups can bolster rather than undermine state power. -- Volume 28, Number 2, July 2013, Editorial Board HUMo@Wq}] !@iz{@-mPH$ Nevertheless, a heavy footprint and intensive counterinsurgency have been par for the course in Kashmir for decades. The movements, thus, have become contested power games around the issues of class, caste/ethnicity, gender, region and development. -- Volume 35, Number 2, July 2020, Editorial Board From 2002 to 2006, there was a ceasefire before brief, ill-fated negotiations that collapsed back into pitched warfare. Asians have a lower homeownership rate than the U.S. public overall (59% vs. 64%). On average, people are living over twenty years longer compared to half a century ago. Like European countries, Indias states are drawn along ethnic and linguistic lines and have distinct cultures. Unlike in the Northeast, there has been an uptick in conflict-related fatalities in the second half of the decade rather than a continued decrease. Beset with Sri Lankas economic crisis, Pakistans catastrophic floods, a global slowdown, and impacts of the war in Ukraine, South Asia faces an unprecedented combination of shocks on top of the lingering scars of the COVID-19 pandemic. -- Volume 32, Number 1, March 2017, Editorial Board Yet a peace process emerged that eventually led to the CPN-Ms demobilization and the Maoists incorporation into mainstream electoral politics. 2 Both can be accessed at https://satp.org/. -- Volume 38, Number 1, March 2023, Editorial Board WebThis paper attempts to explain the social and political issues confronting South Asia today. 0000008464 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n In Sri Lanka, the Tamil Tigers reached their peak of power between 2002 and 2005. endstream endobj 80 0 obj <>stream India eradicated polio in 2014 after a campaign that vaccinated millions of children. The third is a sprawling belt in central and eastern India where various Maoist insurgent groups (known as Naxalites) have been operating for decades. 0(z5&owdB\ztmz}fCKm'4 /gpYu&1;O+aF(|i%X The Baloch revolt is likely to endure, as the security establishment has not created a self-sustaining pro-state political order, but it does not currently pose a severe threat to state power. 0000003934 00000 n u2mnTThzRH'C9z RQ\O. The first decade of the twenty-first century saw areas of intense violence across the region. Note: (e)=estimate, (f)=forecast. Bollywoodthe word is a spin on Hollywood and what many people outside India think of as synonymous with the Indian Film industryis just the Hindi cinema industry based primarily in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay). Poverty rates among U.S.-born and foreign-born Asians were 9% and 11%, respectively, that year. As a PhD candidate in clinical neuropsychology at the University of Windsor, some of my current research involves adapting cognitive assessment methods to people who speak Urdu or Hindi. -- Volume 33, Number 1, March 2018, Editorial Board WebSocial and political issues LGBT communities. Drawing on its nomadic culture, Kyrgyzstan launched the World Nomad Games in 2014. -- Volume 29, Number 2, July 2014, Editorial Board Regions of the World, Return to 0000001364 00000 n Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. get ideas into movement. Yet, in some countries, ideas about gender are evolving. ;`w#O*>Brq` pdtw:E7[mEb"0pf"AEA57A{)c Fears of Pakistans collapse and rise of a revolutionary Islamist project drove international efforts to bolster state counterinsurgency capacity. For example, the TTP is alleged to be regrouping in Afghanistan, Pakistan claims that India is supporting Baloch rebels, the Taliban operates out of Pakistan, India focuses on Pakistans long history of support for terrorist and militant groups, and Indian media signals concern about Chinese backing for insurgents in the Northeast. The Indian state is absorbing far less damage than in the 1990s or early 2000s, though it retains a costly internal security footprint in the region. -- Volume 29, Number 3, November 2014, Editorial Board What are the main social problems in South Asia? A chart showing the death rate of diarrheal diseases in Bangladesh going down as the percentage of people in Bangladesh using at least basic sanitation services goes up over the years. The implications of the return of the Rajapaksas in 2019 (Gotabaya as president and his brother Mahinda as prime minister) remain to be seen. Government policies have also gone a long way toward improving health in the region. This follows growth of 7.8 percent in 2021, when most countries were rebounding from the 0000002992 00000 n Following seven decades of Soviet rule, these newly independent countries are reasserting their distinct national identities through events such as the World Nomad Games, where traditional sports like horseback archery, golden eagle hunting, and high-speed yurt-building are on full display. Various countries of the South Asian region suffer from intense forms of exclusion in social terms and gaps at the infrastructural level. A map showing the major religion in each country of South Asia. This triggered a major MHA response combined with the efforts of state police forces, as well as the involvement in some places and times of a controversial progovernment militia. It is based on conversations that took place at the Our Future is Public conferencein Santiago, Chile, in 2022, and is part of the movements critical response to- and reflections on the UN 2023 WaterConference.