232, 285294. Disability should clearly be mentioned in the curriculum and the learning outcomes of the equity and inclusivity cross-cutting pillar and their targets as well as auxiliary materials of Colleges of Educations in Ghana. In Ghana the role and importance of technical and vocational education and training ( TVET) are not clearly understood by the citizenry. International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: Children & Youth Version: ICF-CY. true, instead, the Vocationalization of Ghana's education will put money into people's pockets (Anamuah-Mensah, 2004). Beyond models: understanding the complexity of disabled peoples lives in New Directions in the Sociology of Chronic and Disabling Conditions. The aim of the study is to develop an understanding of the kinds and sources errors and misconceptions that characterise students' learning of school algebra. Attitudinal barriers are cited as major barriers to the inclusion of persons with disabilities in all spheres of life in Ghana (Kassah et al., 2012; Adjei et al., 2013; Dugbartey and Barimah, 2013; Naami, 2014). The teacher in the observation checklist can indicate that he/she is an inclusive teacher but prejudices and discrimination against persons with disabilities could cloud their self-consciousness about persons with disabilities. (2018b). In all one hundred and seventy-one (171) students participated in the study. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.309. The GCM is built on the back of the 2015 Incheon Declaration and Education 2030 Framework for Action, which envisages a cooperation, monitoring and evaluation mechanism which has the Global Education Meeting (GEM) as the pivot of action (Mundial, Grupo Banco, and UNICEF, 2016). Using the curriculum to promote inclusive education? Yin, R. K. (2009). Ethn. My students have gone on to become doctors, nurses, legislators, activists, business owners, musicians, social workers, and yesteachers. In fact, persons with disabilities still face challenges accessing education. London: Hurst Co. Barnes, C., and Mercer, G. (2005). Kokutse, F. (2018). She was also awarded the 2011 Massachusetts Commonwealth Award in Creative Leadership, and in 2007 was named a member of the 2007 USA Today All-Teacher Team. J. Soc. Welcome to the Ministry of Education Changing Ghana Through Education. Produc. To achieve inclusive education, it is imperative that conscientious efforts are made to ensure that disability is mainstream, alongside other vulnerability/diversity variables, such as gender. Of course, the known architectural barriers are the impediments as postulated by the social model of disabilities. "Education 2030: Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action: Towards Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education and Lifelong Learning for All, UNICEF. 25, 2139. I created a meme about the misconception, and almost immediately, a former classmate of mine wrote, "It also makes it almost impossible to get rid of bad teachers.". University-Level Upgrade for Teacher-Training Colleges. Clean. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a comprehensive framework to describe health and health-related issues including disability. doi: 10.1080/1034912X.2019.1651833, Buabeng, I., Ntow, F. D., and Otami, C. D. (2019). 27, 689701. 2nd Edn. A Togo slippery frog rests in grass. For example, in some schools at the kindergarten level televisions are used to aid teaching. In this paper, we use the social model of disability, anchored on the Sustainable Development Goals, to examine the preparedness of student teachers in meeting the needs of learners with diverse learning needs. Teach. UNESCOs formulation of the Global Education Cooperation Mechanism (GCM) is at the heart of the interconnectedness and intersectional efforts on SDG 4. In a similar vein, the Government of Ghana has identified several factors that prevent persons with disabilities from attending school, including the general publics negative perception of people with disabilities, physical obstacles, the lack of adequate facilities for assessments, and a rigid curriculum, inadequate planning by regular teachers for students with special needs (Government of Ghana, 2003). eSchool News uses cookies to improve your experience. Teachers Standards for Ghana: Guidelines. Neubauer, C., and Calame, M. (2017). Unpublished thesis submitted to the University of Iceland. Although the 2021 Ghana Population and Housing Census reports, that persons with disabilities in Ghana constitute about 8% (2,098,138) of the countrys population of 30,832,019 (Ghana Statistical Service, 2012), other reports show otherwise. Thus, there are questions regarding participation on the student teacher checklist which states that: Did the teacher encourage students to actively participate in the lesson? Available at: http://planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Ghana/Ghana%20Education%20Strategic%20Plan.pdf (Accessed July 28, 2022). Examples of how anthropomorphism is misleading. According to the Colleges of Education Act of 2012, Act 847, the process of preparing teachers in Ghana to teach at the basic school level takes place at the College of Education (CoE). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Obviously, we did not get adequate information about how the student teacher is prepared on the equity and inclusivity outcome. Corruption - African leaders are generally perceived to be corrupt. Take the example of a smart speaker. All Rights Reserved. To achieve inclusive education, a curriculum reform is fundamental to achieve the necessary improvements in the quality of new teachers. The B.Ed. But here's what teachers do make: a difference in the world. To deny or not to deny disability. Inclusive education policy. Available at: http://www.voiceghana.org/downloads/MoE_IE_Policy_Final_Draft1.pdf (Accessed November 25, 2022). So, when they go out, they will observe the teacher to see if they are exhibiting these qualities. The Curriculum Framework provides for teachers at the Universities offering Education and the Colleges of Education. The key informant the affirmed that students are required to identify school facilities: When they go to the schools, they have to know the history of the partner schools and the facilities that are in the schools that will support teaching and learning. In 2015, a policy on inclusive education was developed and adopted by the country toward fulfilling the aspirations of the 1992 constitution, which guarantees education as a fundamental human right. In 2015, Ghana developed an inclusive education policy with an overarching goal of fostering equitable access to education for all children. The 2012 Human Rights Watch report indicates that over 5 million persons with disabilities live in Ghana (United States Department of States, 2017). The Equality Act 2010 and the Social Model of Disability. The ICF helps our understanding of the functioning of people with different disorders and their level of participation in activities as well as how contextual factors could facilitate or impact negatively on functioning. 45, 175195. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). CBR Incl. Finkelstein, V. (1988). The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Also, the B.Ed. Wheelchair accessibility to public buildings in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana. Previously, the University of Cape Coast and University of Education, Winneba, had the traditional mandate to prepare teachers to teach at various educational levels including the basic school level (Buabeng et al., 2019). Applying the SDGs Goal 4 as an analytical tool inclusion and equality issues in the training of student teachers. Teacher Education in Ghana: Policies and Practices. (2018). J. Disabil. If not, what can society do to nullify or erase some misconceptions about the teaching profession in Ghana and also equip ourselves in readiness for the task given to us as a group, that is Ghana National Association of Teachers (GNAT), Teaching Educators, Training Institutions, including the Universities and all other teaching affiliate bodies Misconceptions about GMOs in Ghana due to weak education, study reveals. The Ghana news Agency (GNA) was established on March 5, 1957, i.e. In two different studies conducted in sub-Saharan countries, 66.3% to 99.7% were reported to have misconceptions about the etiology of TB, 27.6%-90% likewise misunderstood the symptoms of TB, 0.1% . 10, 7086. Many attend mandatory professional development, and some work to get their master's degree. The GCM is a global tool for education and a global multi-stakeholder mechanism for education in the 2030 Agenda, with the governance mechanism for the GCM, being the High-Level Steering Committee (HLSC) that is mandated to take strategic decisions and action for education (20222023 members). Further reading: A Chance to Build Meaningful Relationships with Students, 5. Stein, S., de Oliveira Andreotti, V., and Sua, R. (2019). (2003). (2019) explains that while the CoE provides a yearlong school-based teaching practice in addition to a semester-long campus-based peer teaching, their colleagues offering education degrees in the University of Cape Coast (UCC) engage in a semester-long school-based teaching experience. The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. "Teachers Have a Paid Summer Vacation", Each year, teachers must take an unpaid furlough during July and August. Una mirada desde la funcin de investigacin. Teachers need much pedagogical preparation on topics including educational psychology, classroom management, assessment, curriculum instruction, communication skills, and budgeting. and can opt-out at any time. Senior High School Education in Ghana, from September 2017 became free (Tamanja and Pajibo, 2019). Available at: http://UNCT-GH-SDGs-in-Ghana-Avocacy-Messages-2017%20(5).pdf (Accessed August 4, 2022). One common belief about teachers is that we never work during the summer. J. Furth. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs352/en/ (Accessed May 15, 2022). Central Region of Ghana. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. However, it is equally important to find out whether what the teacher does promotes participation or alienates others. Educ. Dugbartey, A. T., and Barimah, K. B. The curriculum of the Colleges of Education in Ghana emphasis on the need for student teachers to reflect on their own beliefs and biases to enhance acceptance and conscientious efforts toward accommodating learners with disabilities to increase their inclusion. Agyire-Tettey, E. E., Naami, A., Wissenbach, L., and Schdler, J. In addition, alternative assessment procedures are seriously encouraged in all educational institutions to respond to the diverse needs of all learners. Ironically, the final question suggests the above reflections would have been helpful to increase disability sensitivity and inclusion. I wrote an entire paragraph to which my former classmate responded: "We can agree to disagree." Abuse of disabled children in Ghana. In a world where competition for jobs, pay increases, and academic success continues to increase, certifications offer hope to candidates and educators. Bentzen, L. (2015). The curriculum of Colleges of Education in Ghana rightly states the need to identify barriers to learning and working with stakeholders to address these barriers, which is also listed in the student reflective journals. Presently, there are 48 Colleges of Education (CoE) in Ghana, up from 38 in 2014 ( Buabeng et al., 2019) and in the 2018/2019 academic year, all Colleges of . In Ghana, there is one common educational curriculum run by the Colleges of Education. As someone who has supported many people into work, both as a recruiter and an employment specialist, I am here to tell you that you absolutely can teach! Why are in-service teachers not writing Exams to acquire the License. This assertion is also emphasized in Article 24 of the CRPD. Int. Yin, R. K. (1981). 68, 95115. (2013). The Global Education Meeting therefore involves joint platforms and initiatives developed by those global education actors in pursuit of SDG 4. The National Teacher Education Curriculum Framework, (NTECF): The Essential Elements of Initial Teacher Education. For educators, it is crucial to not only understand what the metaverse is and its uses within education but to also realize the benefits of immersive learning with the metaverse. Two forms, student reflective journal and daily portfolio sheet comprise of the portfolio, which is usually returned to their tutors for grading. 10 Tips and Truths of Living with a Teacher, A Chance to Build Meaningful Relationships with Students, Engaging Students during the Long Winter Months, 5 REALISTIC Ways for Teachers to Get Healthier This Year. Disabil. How do learners with visual and hearing impairment benefit from these forms of learning if resources do not have features of alternative formats (subtitles/captions, narrations) for these learners? As part of the global communitys efforts to address social problems collectively, post the Millennium Development Goals era, the Sustainable Development Goals were birthed in 2015 (United Nations [UN], 2015). In this paper, we use the social model of disability and anchored on the Sustainable Development Goals, to examine the preparedness of student teachers in meeting the needs of learners with diverse learning needs. In this paper, we used two analytical perspectives, the SDGs Goal 4 and the social model of disability, to understand whether or not student teachers are adequately prepared to deliver inclusive education in Ghana. In this paper, we have examined the preparedness of student teachers in Colleges of Education in Ghana in respect of the curriculum being delivered toward achieving inclusive education. Misconceptions are often deeply held, largely unexplained, and sometimes strongly defended. Global development and higher education. Ghanas 2019 SDGs Budget Report. Common misconceptions of Africa are explored in the second lesson, through a range of activities which again highlight the wide diversity of opportunities, challenges and life styles. doi: 10.1177/107554708100300106. Fontdevila, C., and Grek, S. (2020). Education is necessary for persons with disabilities to break out of the cycle of poverty as recognized by both the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Sustainable Development Goals. J. Int. (2015). For persons with disabilities, self-awareness is even more important given the socio-cultural and religious beliefs and practices that marginalize and discriminate against them and the resultant negative attitudes, stigma, discrimination, and exclusion and of persons with disabilities in all spheres of life (Kassah et al., 2012; Adjei et al., 2013; Dugbartey and Barimah, 2013; Naami, 2019). Front. 1. A., and Asimeng-Boahene, L. (2011). Attitudes and Disabled People. Comp. Visit our Privacy Policyfor more information. Prior to the 2018/2019 academic year, the Colleges of Education awarded diploma qualifications, while the universities awarded Bachelor of Education degrees and Post Graduate Diploma in Education PGDE/certificates in education. Particularly, the target 4.5 calls for the elimination of gender disparities and inequities in education, specifically highlighting the need to ensure access to education for persons with disabilities. Epilepsy Behav. Howard, H. A., and Rhule, A. Disability under this framework is seen as an interface between body functioning, health conditions and contextual factors (World Health Organization, 2007). If your head doesn't explode upon hearing this comment, take the time to explain the endless lesson planning and grading teachers do after school, at home, and on the weekends. The principle of universal design in the policy offers learners multiple means of representation, expression, engagement, motivation and tapping into learners interest. Policies, targets, and strategies Education Strategic Plan 20032015 May. Once you find one, you do your possible best to know the causes of the disability or how the person is being helped throughout his or her stay in the schoolWe specifically ask them to identify a child with the disability and even how the facilities and resources in the school support the child. in Behavioral Science, a Masters in Education, and a Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study in Education Leadership. Persons with disabilities constitute about 15% of the world population, with about 80% of them living in countries of the global south, including Ghana (World Health Organization, 2011). Those who can't do, teach. The policy (Ministry of Education, 2015: p. 6) defines a child with special educational needs [SEN] as: a child with disability, namely, visual, hearing, locomotor, and intellectual impairments. Throughout the curriculum and other auxiliary documents, there are phrases and statements such as How much time was spent helping this student? Did the teacher spend time helping them Did the student(s) with learning needs successfully complete the activities/tasks assigned in the lesson? These questions amply testify that the focus of curriculum and other auxiliary documents are on learners with learning difficulties to the neglect of other categories of disabilities. Stay up-to-date with the latest edtech tools, trends, and best practices for classroom, school and district success. According to Yin (1981), p. 98, the decision to utilize a case study arises when an empirical inquiry must examine a contemporary phenomenon in its real-life context especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident. The promises and limitations of the SDG framework for inclusive education and students with disabilities in Grading Goal Four. The Inclusive Policy also sets out to facilitate and enable education structures, systems, and methodologies to meet the needs of all children; and it is a good attempt to promote an inclusive society. A case study design is a qualitative research approach which focuses on a detailed exploration of a phenomenon within its content. The estimated number of persons with disabilities could be underestimated due the multiple layers of issues surrounding disability data collection, including attitudinal issues, disability definition, access to persons with disabilities, mode of reporting disability, that is, self-reporting (people may not report disability, especially those that are not very visible) some of which are concealed from public view due to stigma. The former Editorial Director for both eSchool News and eCampus News, and was formerly the Managing Editor of eCampus News. Conclusion We conclude that although knowledge and awareness about Ebola is high among Ghanaians who participated in the study, there are still misconceptions about the disease.
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